Political & Social Reform Associations in British India

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Political & Social Reform Associations in British India
Sadharan Brahmo Samaj
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Before 1857

YearOrganizationFounderPlace / Remakes
1815Atmiya SabhaRammohan RoyInitially Bramhmo Sabha
1823Calcutta Unitarian CommitteeRammohan Roy
1828Brahmo Samaj
20 Aug
Rammohan Roy
Debendranath Tagore
Secretary - Tarachand Chakraborti
Academic AssociationDerozio
1829Dharma SabhaRadhakanta DevDefend orthodox Hinduism
1838Land-holders' SocietyDwarkanath Tagore1st Political society
1839Tattwabodhini Sabha
6 Oct
Debendranath Tagor
British India SocietyWilliam AdamLondon
1840NirankarisDayal Das
Darbara Singh
Punjab, Sikism
1843Bengal British India SocietyGeorge Thompson
1844Manav Dharma SabhaDurgaram ManchharamBreak Caste restrictions
1849Paramahansa MandaliDadoba PanderungBreak Caste restrictions
1851Rahnumai Mazdayasnan SabhaDadabhai NaorojiBombay, Parsis
British Indian AssociationRadhakanta Deb
Devendranath Tagore
1852Madras Native AssociationLakshminarasu
Bombay AssociationNaoroji FurdoonjiBombay
1857NamdharisRam SinghPunjab, Sikism

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Before INC

YearOrganizationFounderPlace / Remakes
1860Sangat SabhaKesab Chandra Sen
1861Radha Soami SatsangTulsi RamMonotheistic doctrine
1863Mohammedan literary societyNawab abdool luteefKolkata
1864Scientific Society of AligarhSyed Ahmad KhanAligarh, UP
1866Brahmo Samaj of India
(Tabernacle of New Dispensation)
Keshab Chandra SenBrahmo Samaj broke out in two part.
Society for the Promotion of National FeelingRajnarayan Basu
Dar-ul-UlumaMaulana Husain AhmadDeoband, spiritual & moral
1867East Indian AssociationDadabhai NaorojiLondon
Prarthana SamajAtmaram Panduranga
Dadoba P. Tarkhadkar
Bombay
Religious & social reform in
National Indian AssociationMary CarpenterLondon
Hindu MelaNabagopal Mitra
National SocietyNabagopal Mitra
1870Poona Sarvajanik Sabha
2 April
MG Ranade
GV Joshi
President - Balasaheb Pant Pratinidhi
Sramajivi SamitiSasipada BanerjiWorkers' organization
Indian Reform Association
29 Oct
Keshub Chunder SenSecular side of the Brahmo Samaj
Sulava Samachar weekly newspaper
1872Indian SocietyAnanda Mohan BoseLondon
1873Satyashodhak Samaj
24 Sept
Jyotiba PhulePune
rights for women and Dalits
1875Arya Samaj
10 April
Dayananda SarswatiBombay
Theosophical SocietyMadam Blavatsky
H.S Olcott
New York,
1882, HQ in Adyar, Near Chennai
1876Indian Association
26 Sept
S N Banerjee
Anandamohan Bose
later merged with the INC
1878Sadharan Brahmo Samaj
15 May
Anandamohan Bose
Shivanath Shastri
Umesh Chandra Dutta
Town Hall of Calcutta
Rajahmundry Social Reform AssociationVireshalingam PantuluAndhra Pradesh
1883Indian National ConferenceS N Banerjee
Anandamohan Bose
Called as predecessor of INC
1884Deccan Education SocietyGG AgarkarPoona, education

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After INC to 1915

YearOrganizationFounderPlace / Remakes
1886Muhammadan Educational ConferenceSir Syed Ahmed KhanAligarh Movement
1887Indian National Social ConferenceM. G. RanadeBombay
Deva SamajShivanarayan AgnihotriLahore, like Brahmo samaj
1889Ahmadiyya Muslim CommunityMirza Ghulam AhmadPunjab
1890Bombay Mill Hands AssociationN. M. Lokhande1st Labour Union
1893Mohammedan Anglo-Oriental Defence AssociationSyed Ahmad Khan
Theodore Beck
purpose to unite Muslims
Counter influence of Congress
1894Nadwah-ul-UlamaMaulana Shibli NumaniLucknow, religious & moral
1897Ramkrishna MissionSwami Vivekananda
1899Mitra MelaSavarkar BrothersMaharastra
1902Anushilan Samithi
Pramatha Mitra
Satish Chandra Basu
Kolkata
bodybuilding society or akhara
1903Avinaba Bharat
(Young India Society)
Savarkar brothersInitially as 'Mitra Mela', at Nasik
1904Bharat Mata SocietyJ M Chatterjee
1905Dhaka Anushilan Samiti
Nov
Pulin Behari DasDhaka
Servants of India SocietyGopal Krishna GokhalePune
Paris Indian SocietyMadam KamaParis
Printers’ Union of Calcutta
Swadesh Bandhap SamityAswini Kumar DuttaBarisal
India HouseShyamji Krishna VarmaLondon
Anti-Circular SocietySachindra Prasad BoseKolkata
1906National Council of EducationRabindra Nath
Jugantar
April
Aurobindo Ghosh,
Barin Ghosh,
Bhupendranath Datta,
Raja Subodh Mallik
Kolkata
All-India Muslim League
30 Dec
Nawab Khwaja Salimullah
Other Leaders :
Muhammad Ali Jinnah
A. K. Fazlul Huq
Aga Khan III
Liaquat Ali Khan
Dhaka, Bangladesh
1908Muslim League - LondonSyed Ameer AliLondon
1909Poona Seva SadanMrs. Ramabai Ranadewelfare of women
1910Bharat Itihas Sanshodhak MandalVishwanath Kashinath Rajwade
Sardar K. C. Mehendale
Pune
1911Social Service LeagueN M JoshiBombay
1913Gadar Party
15 July
Har Dayal
President - Sohan Singh Bhakna
Astoria, Oregon, USA
Hindustan Ghadar newspaper in San Francisco, California
1914Seva SamitiH N KunzraAllahabad, Social service
Nair Service SocietyMannathu Padmanabha PillaiKerala

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Between 1915 & 1930

YearOrganizationFounderPlace / Remakes
1915Indian Independence CommitteeVirendranath
Bhupendranath
Hardayal
Berlin
Hindu Mahasabha
April
Madan Mohan Malviya1st sessions - Haridwar, 13 Feb 1915
1916Justice Party
20 Nov
C. Natesa Mudaliar
T. M. Nair
Theagaraya Chetty
E V Ramaswami
Tamilnadu
South Indian Liberal Federation
1917Shrimati Ansuyaben Sarabhai
1918Madras Labour UnionB.P. Wadia1st registered Union
1919Indian National Liberal FederationS N Banarjea
Tej Bahadur Sapru
1920All India Trade Union Congress
31 Oct
President - Lala Lajpat
N M Joshi
Joseph Baptista
Bombay
Majoor Mahajan Sangh
(Ahmedabad Textile Labour Association)
25 Feb
Mahatma Gandhi
Anasuya Sarabhai
After Ahmedabad Mill Strike
Shiromani Akali Dal
14 Dec
Sarmukh Singh Chubbal
Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee
Akali Movement
Sikh Gurdwara Bill (1925)
1921Servants of the People Society

Lala Lajpat RaiLahore
to create missionary social worker freedom fighter
1922Jat Pat Torak MandalBhai Paramanand
1923Swaraj Party
1 Jan
C R Das
Motilal Neheru
took part in election 1923, 1926
1924Hindustan Republican AssociationSachin Sanyal
Jogesh Chandra
Indian Independence LeagueRashbehari BoseJapan
Bahishkrit Hitkarnini SabhaBR AmbedkarBombay
1925Communist Party of IndiaM. N. RoyTashkent
RSSK B HodgewanNagpur
1927All India State People ConferenceBalwant Rai MehtaPrincely States organization, Bombay
FICCIG D Birla
Purshottamdas Thakurdas
Industry Federation
Established on the advice of Gandhiji
1928Indian Youth Congress
Independence for India LeagueJ L Nehru
Netaji - Secretaries
Srinivasa Iyengar -President
It was formed to oppose Nehru Report
Hindustan Socialist Republican ArmyBhagat Singh
1929Nikhil Banga Praja SamitiA. K. Fazlul Huq
Abdur Rahim
Bengal
1936, changed name to Krishak Praja Party
Contested in 1937 election
Indian Trade Union FederationN M Joshi
Khudai Khidmatgar
(Red Shirts)
Khan Abdul Ghaffar KhanN-W Frontier Province
non-violence
1930Indian Republican Army

Surya SenChittagong, Bangladesh

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After 1930 to Independence

YearOrganizationFounderPlace / Remakes
1932Harijan Sevak SanghM K Gandhi
G.D. Birla - President
Amritlal Takkar - Secretary
Result of Poona Pact
1934Congress Socialist PartyNarendra Dev
Jay Prakas Narayan
Patna
Revolutionary Communist PartySaumyendranath Tagore
1935Indian History CongressDatto Vaman Potdar
Surendra Nath Sen
Pune
1936All India Kishan SabhaSwami SahajanandaLucknow
Independent Labour PartyB R Ambedkar
1938Hindustan Mazdoor Sevak SanghVallabhbhai Patel
Secretary - G L Nanda
Ahmedabad
1939Forward Bloc
3 May
S. C. BoseUnnao, Uttar Pradesh
1940Radical Democratic PartyM. N. RoyPolitical party
1942Free Indian LegionBoseGermany
All India Scheduled Castes FederationB R Ambedkar
Indian National ArmyMohan SinghSingapore

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Women Associations

YearOrganisationFounderPlace / Remakes
1882Arya Mahila SamajPandita RamabaiPune
1886Sakhi Samiti
(Women’s Friendship League)
Swarnakumari DebiKolkata
1900Stri Zarothoshti MandalBombay
1906Tamil Madhar Sangam1st meet in Kanchipuram, 1907
1910Bharat Stree MahamandalSarala Devi ChaudhuraniAllahabad
Promote female education
1910Andhra Mahila SabhaRajya Lakshmi
1915Anjuman-e-Khawatin-e-Islam
1917Women’s Indian AssociationAnnie Besant
Margret Cousins
1925National Council of Women in IndiaMehribai Tata
1927All India Women’s ConferenceMargret CousinsPune
Fergusson College Hall
1928Mahila Rashtriya SanghaLatika Bose
1930Rashtriya Stree SanghaSarojini Naidu

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