Islands in India – Andaman & Nicobar – Lakshadweep

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  • Major island groups of India are the Andaman and Nicobar Archipelago in the Bay of Bengal and the Lakshadweep islands in the Arabian Sea.

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andaman and nicobar island

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Andaman and Nicobar Islands

  • Andaman and Nicobar Island archipelago is composed of 572 big and small islands.
  • These islands extend about 590 km area.
  • Andaman and Nicobar Islands were formed due to a collision between the Indian Plate and the Burma Minor Plate (part of the Eurasian Plate).
  • Andaman and Nicobar Islands are southward extensions of the Arakan Yoma range of Myanmar.
  • Aarakan Yoma is an extension of Purvanchal Hills.
  • Andaman islands are divided into three main islands
    • North Andaman
    • Middle Andaman
    • South Andaman
  • Duncan passage separates Little Andaman from South Andaman.
  • Great Andaman is separated by 10° Channel from the Nicobar group of islands.
  • Port Blair, the capital of Andaman Nicobar Islands lies in the South Andaman island.
  • Among the Nicobar islands, the Great Nicobar is the largest and southernmost island
  • Great Nicobar island is very close to Sumatra island of Indonesia.
  • 6° Channel separates Great Nicobar island and Sumatra.
  • Most of these islands are made of tertiary sandstone, limestone, and shale resting on basic and ultrabasic volcanoes
  • Barren island is the only active volcano in India and South Asia (it erupted last time in 1994-95).
  • Narcondam island is a dormant volcano.
  • Saddle peak (737 m) in North Andaman is the highest peak here.
  • Some islands are fringed with coral reefs.
  • Many of them are covered with thick forests.

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lakshadweep island map

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Lakshadweep Island

  • Lakshadweep Islands are located at a distance of 280 km-480 km off the Kerala coast.
  • The entire island group is built of coral deposits (Atoll), tiny islands surrounded by fringing reefs.
  • There are approximately 36 islands of which 11 are inhabited.
  • Andrott is the largest and Minicoy is the 2nd largest island.
  • The entire group of islands is broadly divided by the 11° channel, north of which is the Amini Island and to the south of the Canannore Island.
  • Amendivi Islands are the northernmost while the Minicoy island is the southernmost.
  • Kavaratti is the capital of Lakshadweep Island.
  • Lakshadweep Islands are the northernmost of the Lakshadweep-Maldives-Chagos group of islands.
  • 8° Channel forms the boundary between Minicoy and Maldive islands.
  • This channel is also known as the Minicoy Channel or Maliku Kandu.
  • Most of the islands have low elevations and do not rise more than five meters above sea level.

 

 

Some other Island of India

  • Salsette Island
    • Salsette is the most populous island in India.
    • Mumbai city is located on Salsette island.
    • Ulhas river and Vasai creek divided it from the mainland.
  • Sriharikota Island
    • A barrier island in Bay of Bengal.
    • Located in the Nellore district of Andhra Pradesh.
    • On this island, Satish Dhawan Launch Station is  located
  • Aliabet
    • India’s first off-shore oil well site in the Gulf of Khambat.
    • It is located in Gujarat, about 45 km from Bhavnagar.
  • New Moore Island
    • It is in the Ganga delta.
    • It is also known as Purbasha Island.
    • In 2010, it was reported to have been completely submerged by the rising seawater due to Global warming.
  • Pamban Island 
    • Also called Rameshwaram
    • It lies between India and Sri Lanka and is separated by the Pamban channel.
  • Wheeler Island
    • It is on the Odisha coast
    • Wheeler Island is a missile launching station in the Bay of Bengal.
  • Diu
    • UT of India, located in the Gulf of Khambat.

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