Eastern Chalukyas, Kakatiya & Hoysala Dynasty

 
 

Eastern Chalukyas

  • They ruled between 7th to 12th Century.

 

Vishnu Vardhana

  • He was brother of Pulakesin-II, was the founder of the Eastern Chalukya Empire
  • Capital was Vengi.
  • Queen was Ayyana-mahadevi, who built a Jaina temple at Vijayawada, the earliest reference of Jainism in the Telugucountry.
 

Vijayaditya Ill Gunaga

  • Eastern Chalukya dynasty during whose reign the kingdom extended from the Mahendragiri in the north to the Pulicat lake in the south
 

The Virupaksha Temple

  • Lokamahadevi built this temple and she was the queen of Vikramaditya II.
  • In front of the Hall of the Priests or Antarala there is a pillared Mandapam or a meeting place for the people.
  • The Virupaksha temple is built on the model of the Kailasanatha temple at Kancheepuram.
 

Bhima I

  • built the temples of Bhimavaram and Draksharamam in the east Godavari district
 

Chola-ChaIukya Alliance

  • The Chola king, Rajaraja I, invaded Vengi and put  SaktivarmanI on the Chalukya throne.
  • Matrimonial alliances which ultimately ended in the merger of the two dynasties under Kulottunga (1071-1122 A.D.)
 
 
 

Yadavas of Devagiri (850–1334)

  • The Yadavas of Devagiri claimed their descent from the epic hero Lord Krishna.
  • they ruled over the region from Nasik to Devagiri (Daulatabad).
  • They were feudatory of Rashtrakutas
 

Bhillama V

  • The Yadava ruler took advantage of the declining power of the Later Western Chalukyas of Kalyani and rose to power.
  • He came into conflict with Vira Balalla-II (1173-1220A.D.), a Hoysala ruler.
  • He lost his life in the battle of Lakkundi.
 

Jaitugi

  • He defeated Kalachuris, Gurjaras and Kakatiyas.
 

Simhana

  • He defeated Mahadeva, a Kakatiya ruler.
  • He invaded Gujarat many times and captured Kolhapur which belonged to Silhara dynasty.
  • Yadava kingdom reached the zenith of its glory and power in the reign of Simhana
  • Sangitaratnakara of Sarangadeva,an important work on music, was writtenin his court.
  • Anantadevaand Changadeva were the two famous astronomers who lived at the court of  Simhana.
  • Changadeva established a college of astronomy at Patanain Khandeshin memory of his illustrious grandfather, Bhaskaracharya.
 

Krishna

  • Krishna was grandson of Singhana and succeeded him.
 

Mahadeva

  • He was brother Krishna.
  • He captured North Konkan and ended the Silhara dynasty.
 

Ramachandra Deva (1271-1 309)

  • He was the last great ruler of this dynasty.
  • Ala-ud-din-Khilji defeated him and made him as a vassal of the Delhi Sultanate.
 

Sankara Deva (1309 – 1312)

  • He was the son and successor of Ramachandra Deva
  • Malik Kafur defeated and killed him in 1312 A.D.
 
  • Harapala, brother-in-law of Sankara Deva raised the flag against the Khiljis. Mubarak, son of Ala-ud-din Khilji defeated and killed Harapala. Thus the Yadava dynasty came to an end. 
 

Devagiri Fort

  • Built during the reign of the Yadavas.
  • It was one of the strongest forts in India.
  • The Juma Masjid and Chand Minar was added by the Delhi Sultans later. 
 
 
 
Kakatiya Dynasty of Warangal
  • Earliest known chief was Beta I, a feudatory of the Western Chalukyas in the first half of the II th century.
  • Prola I thus became the founder of the Kakatiya principality.
  • They ruled between 12th to 14th Century.
 

Prola-II

  • The Kakatiya ruler captured the territory between the Krishna and the Godavari from the Chalukyas
  • Hanumakonda as his capital.
 

Rudradeva

  • built the famous Thousand-Pillar temple at Hanumakonda.
  • He founded a new town called Orugallu, modern Warangal
 

Ganapathi (1199-1261)

  • He captured territories up to Kanchi from the Cholas.
  • Ganapati was the most powerful of the Kakatiya sovereigns
  • Motupalli, now in the Krishna district, was an important seaport in his kingdom
  • shifted his capital to Warangal
 

Rudramadevi

  • She was the daughter of Ganapati.
  • Yadava, Mahadeva invaded the Kakatiya kingdom, but Rudramba defeated him and compelled him to sue for peace
  • She abdicated the throne in favour of her grandson Prataparudhra-II
 

Prataparudhra-II

  • Malik Kafur invaded Warangal in 1303 A.D, during his rule.
  • Prataprudra – II paid Malik Kafur an immense treasure in return.
  • Ulugh Khan, the son of Ghiasud-din Tughluq captured Warangal in 1323 A.D. and sent Prataparudra II to Delhi
  • His successors continued their struggle with the rulers of the Tughluq dynasty
 

Kohinoor

  • Kohinoor unearthed in Kollur on the banks of the Krishna River belonged to the Kakatiyas.
 
 
 

Hoysala Dynasty

  • Hoyasalas lay in the hilly tracts to the north-west of Gangavadi in Mysore.
  • They became prominent during the prolonged struggle between the later Chalukyas and the Cholas.
  • They initially became feudatories of the Chalukyas
  • The founder of the dynasty was Sala, also known as Nripakama.
  • They ruled between 11th to 14th Century.
 

Vinayaditya (1006 -1022)

  • Vinayaditya carved out a trivial territory of Mysore with Sosavir as capital and ruled over it.
  • His capital at Belur, although Dvarasamudra (modem Halebid) was an alternative capital.
 

Vishnuvardhana

  • He shifted his capital to Dwarasamudra.
  • He was a Jaina, but later he became a Vaishnava when he was influenced by the Vaishnava teachings of Ramanuja.
 

Vira Ballala – II

  • Vira Ballala helped the Chola Kulottunga Ill and Rajaraja Ill against Sundara Pandya.
  • He defeated Billama V of Yadava Dynasty.
  • He detained the independence of the Hoysalas. 
 

Narasimhan-II

  • Narasimhan-II lost the territory between Krishna and Tungabhadra to a Yadava ruler, Singhana.
  • He defeated Maravarman Sundara Pandya
  • Restored Rajaraja-III to the Chola throne.
  • He erected the pillar of victory at Rameshwaram.
  • built a capital at Kannanurnear Srirangam
 

Ballala III

  • Ballala III was the last great ruler of this dynasty.
  • In 1310A.D. he was defeated by Malik Kafur.
  • In 1342 A.D. finally he lost his life in a battle against the Madurai Sultan at Trichinapally
 

Contributions

  • The Hoysalas paved the way for the rise of Mysore into a big Kingdom.
  • Hoyasala Temple at Halebid.
  • In many cases, the Hoyasala temples are not single but double, having all essential parts duplicated
 
 
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